The results are undefined. You’re modifying a variable more than once in an expression (or sequence point to be more accurate).
Modifying a variable more than once between sequence points is undefined, so don’t do it.
It might be your compiler, for this particular case decides to evalate
++i + ++i
as
- increment the last
++i
, yielding 4, leaving i to be 4 - increment the first
++i
, yielding 5, leaving i to be 5 (as the prior step left i as 4, incrementing it to 5) - sum the two values, 4 + 5.
Another compiler, or if you alter the optimization level, or if you change the code slightly, might produce different output.