PHP Optional Parameters – specify parameter value by name?

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No, in PHP that is not possible as of writing. Use array arguments:

function doSomething($arguments = array()) {
    // set defaults
    $arguments = array_merge(array(
        "argument" => "default value", 
    ), $arguments); 

    var_dump($arguments);
}

Example usage:

doSomething(); // with all defaults, or:
doSomething(array("argument" => "other value"));

When changing an existing method:

//function doSomething($bar, $baz) {
function   doSomething($bar, $baz, $arguments = array()) {
    // $bar and $baz remain in place, old code works
}

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