Splitting a set of files within a git repo into their own repository, preserving relevant history [duplicate]

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Just to close the loop on this so it appears as answered.

By using index-filter or tree-filter and then applying reverse logic like git ls-tree piped into (multiple) grep -v‘s piped into xargs for git rm you can indeed remove everything that doesn’t match a narrow set of file names/directories. Here is the command I used to split out my particular files:

git filter-branch \
    --prune-empty \
    --index-filter '
        git ls-tree -z -r --name-only --full-tree $GIT_COMMIT \
        | grep -z -v "^src/pyfedpkg$" \
        | grep -z -v "^src/fedpkg" \
        | grep -z -v "^git-changelog" \
        | xargs -0 -r git rm --cached -r
    ' \
    -- \
    --all

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