Rather than using a for loop and pushing values, you can directly use map and reduce:
let objArr = [
{key: 'Mon Sep 23 2013 00:00:00 GMT-0400', val: 42},
{key: 'Mon Sep 24 2013 00:00:00 GMT-0400', val: 78},
{key: 'Mon Sep 25 2013 00:00:00 GMT-0400', val: 23},
{key: 'Mon Sep 23 2013 00:00:00 GMT-0400', val: 54}
];
// first, convert data into a Map with reduce
let counts = objArr.reduce((prev, curr) => {
let count = prev.get(curr.key) || 0;
prev.set(curr.key, curr.val + count);
return prev;
}, new Map());
// then, map your counts object back to an array
let reducedObjArr = [...counts].map(([key, value]) => {
return {key, value}
})
console.log(reducedObjArr);