A dictionary would be a std::map in c++, and a tuple with two elements would be a std::pair.
The python code provided would translate to:
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
typedef std::map<std::pair<int, int>, int> Dict;
typedef Dict::const_iterator It;
int main()
{
Dict d;
d[std::make_pair(0, 0)] = 0;
d[std::make_pair(1, 2)] = 1;
d[std::make_pair(2, 1)] = 2;
d[std::make_pair(2, 3)] = 3;
d[std::make_pair(3, 2)] = 4;
for (It it(d.begin()); it != d.end(); ++it)
{
int i(it->first.first);
int j(it->first.second);
std::cout <<it->second <<' '
<<d[std::make_pair(j, i)] <<'\n';
}
}