Undefined reference to google::protobuf::internal::empty_string_[abi:cxx11]

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I suspect this is a C++ ABI issue. The ABI for std::string has changed in GCC 5 (related to C++11 requirements, but it applies even if you aren’t using C++11). See:

https://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-5/changes.html#libstdcxx

If libprotobuf was built with GCC 4.x or prior, but your app is built with GCC 5, then you will see problems, because libprotobuf uses std::string in its interface. You have two options:

  1. Rebuild libprotobuf with GCC 5 (but now any apps built with GCC 4 won’t work with the new version of libprotobuf).
  2. Build you app with -D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=0 as described at the above link. This will force GCC to use the old ABI version.

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