Using gsub to extract character string before white space in R

by

No need for substring, just use gsub: 

gsub( " .*$", "", dob )
# [1] "9/9/43"   "9/17/88"  "11/21/48"

A space (), then any character (.) any number of times (*) until the end of the string ($). See ?regex to learn regular expressions.

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