What is the difference between buffer and cache memory in Linux?

Buffers are associated with a specific block device, and cover caching
of filesystem metadata as well as tracking in-flight pages. The cache
only contains parked file data. That is, the buffers remember what’s
in directories, what file permissions are, and keep track of what
memory is being written from or read to for a particular block device.
The cache only contains the contents of the files themselves.

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