-
Vertical partitioning for large tables to reduce I/O and cache requirements — separate columns that are queried often vs rarely.
-
Adding a column to a production system when the
alter table
is “too expensive”. -
Super-type/subtype pattern.
-
Vertical partitioning to benefit from table (join) elimination — providing optimizer
supports it (again to reduce I/O and cache) . -
Anchor modeling — similar to 4, but down to 6NF.