Why does a diamond with a questionmark in it � appear in my HTML?

This specific character � is usually the sign of an invalid (non-UTF-8) character showing up in an output (like a page) that has been declared to be UTF-8. It happens often when

  • a database connection is not UTF-8 encoded (even if the tables are)

  • a HTML or script source file is stored in the wrong encoding (e.g. Windows-1252 instead of UTF-8) – make sure it’s saved as a UTF-8 file. The setting is often in the “Save as…” dialog.

  • an online source (like a widget or a RSS feed) is fetched that isn’t serving UTF-8

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