Why would Oracle.ManagedDataAccess not work when Oracle.DataAccess does?

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The order of precedence for resolving TNS names in ODP.NET, Managed Driver is this (see here):

  1. data source alias in the ‘dataSources’ section under section in the .NET config file.
  2. data source alias in the tnsnames.ora file at the location specified by ‘TNS_ADMIN’ in the .NET config file.
  3. data source alias in the tnsnames.ora file present in the same directory as the .exe.
  4. data source alias in the tnsnames.ora file present at %TNS_ADMIN% (where %TNS_ADMIN% is an environment variable setting).
  5. data source alias in the tnsnames.ora file present at %ORACLE_HOME%\network\admin (where %ORACLE_HOME% is an environment variable setting).

I believe the reason your sample works with Oracle.DataAccess but not with Oracle.ManagedDataAccess is that Windows registry based configuration is not supported for the latter (see documentation) – the ODP.NET installation sets an ORACLE_HOME registry key (HLKM\SOFTWARE\Oracle\Key_NAME\ORACLE_HOME) which is recognized only by the unmanaged part.

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