Apply a coupon programmatically in Woocommerce

First, create a discount coupon (via http://docs.woothemes.com/document/create-a-coupon-programatically/):

$coupon_code="UNIQUECODE"; // Code - perhaps generate this from the user ID + the order ID
$amount="10"; // Amount
$discount_type="percent"; // Type: fixed_cart, percent, fixed_product, percent_product

$coupon = array(
    'post_title' => $coupon_code,
    'post_content' => '',
    'post_status' => 'publish',
    'post_author' => 1,
    'post_type'     => 'shop_coupon'
);    

$new_coupon_id = wp_insert_post( $coupon );

// Add meta
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'discount_type', $discount_type );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'coupon_amount', $amount );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'individual_use', 'no' );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'product_ids', '' );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'exclude_product_ids', '' );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'usage_limit', '1' );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'expiry_date', '' );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'apply_before_tax', 'yes' );
update_post_meta( $new_coupon_id, 'free_shipping', 'no' );

Then apply that coupon to your order:

if (!$woocommerce->cart->add_discount( sanitize_text_field( $coupon_code )))
    $woocommerce->show_messages();

That last function returns a BOOL value: TRUE if the discount was successful, FALSE if it fails for any one of a variety of reasons.

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