Detect target framework version at compile time

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The linked SO question with ‘create N different configurations’ is certainly one option, but when I had a need for this I just added conditional DefineConstants elements, so in my Debug|x86 (for instance) after the existing DefineConstants for DEBUG;TRACE, I added these 2, checking the value in TFV that was set in the first PropertyGroup of the csproj file.

<DefineConstants Condition=" '$(TargetFrameworkVersion)' == 'v4.0' ">RUNNING_ON_4</DefineConstants>
<DefineConstants Condition=" '$(TargetFrameworkVersion)' != 'v4.0' ">NOT_RUNNING_ON_4</DefineConstants>

You don’t need both, obviously, but it’s just there to give examples of both eq and ne behavior – #else and #elif work fine too 🙂

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
#if RUNNING_ON_4
        Console.WriteLine("RUNNING_ON_4 was set");
#endif
#if NOT_RUNNING_ON_4
        Console.WriteLine("NOT_RUNNING_ON_4 was set");
#endif
    }
}

I could then switch between targeting 3.5 and 4.0 and it would do the right thing.

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