Difference between Synchronized block with wait/notify and without them?

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Using synchronized makes a method / block accessible by only on thread at a time. So, yes, it’s thread-safe.

The two concepts are combined, not mutually-exclusive. When you use wait() you need to own the monitor on that object. So you need to have synchronized(..) on it before that. Using .wait() makes the current thread stop until another thread calls .notify() on the object it waits on. This is an addition to synchronized, which just ensures that only one thread will enter a block/method.

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