How can I make a barplot and a lineplot in the same seaborn plot with different Y axes nicely?

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You can use twinx() method along with seaborn to create a seperate y-axis, one for the lineplot and the other for the barplot. To control the style of the plot (default style of seaborn is darkgrid), you can use set_style method and specify the preferred theme. If you set style=None it resets to white background without the gridlines. You can also try whitegrid. If you want to further customize the gridlines, you can do it on the axis level using the ax2.grid(False).

import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

matplotlib.rc_file_defaults()
ax1 = sns.set_style(style=None, rc=None )

fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(figsize=(12,6))

sns.lineplot(data = df['y_var_1'], marker="o", sort = False, ax=ax1)
ax2 = ax1.twinx()

sns.barplot(data = df, x='x_var', y='y_var_2', alpha=0.5, ax=ax2)

A barplot and lineplot seaborn example sharing the same x-axis and different y-axis

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