How do I delete a column that contains only zeros in Pandas?

df.loc[:, (df != 0).any(axis=0)]

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Here is a break-down of how it works:

In [74]: import pandas as pd

In [75]: df = pd.DataFrame([[1,0,0,0], [0,0,1,0]])

In [76]: df
Out[76]: 
   0  1  2  3
0  1  0  0  0
1  0  0  1  0

[2 rows x 4 columns]

df != 0 creates a boolean DataFrame which is True where df is nonzero:

In [77]: df != 0
Out[77]: 
       0      1      2      3
0   True  False  False  False
1  False  False   True  False

[2 rows x 4 columns]

(df != 0).any(axis=0) returns a boolean Series indicating which columns have nonzero entries. (The any operation aggregates values along the 0-axis — i.e. along the rows — into a single boolean value. Hence the result is one boolean value for each column.)

In [78]: (df != 0).any(axis=0)
Out[78]: 
0     True
1    False
2     True
3    False
dtype: bool

And df.loc can be used to select those columns:

In [79]: df.loc[:, (df != 0).any(axis=0)]
Out[79]: 
   0  2
0  1  0
1  0  1

[2 rows x 2 columns]

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To “delete” the zero-columns, reassign df:

df = df.loc[:, (df != 0).any(axis=0)]