How to add initial users when starting a RabbitMQ Docker container?

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You can create a simple Dockerfile that extends the functionality of the basic image and creates a default user.
The Docker file you need is the following:

FROM rabbitmq

# Define environment variables.
ENV RABBITMQ_USER user
ENV RABBITMQ_PASSWORD user
ENV RABBITMQ_PID_FILE /var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbitmq

ADD init.sh /init.sh
RUN chmod +x /init.sh
EXPOSE 15672

# Define default command
CMD ["/init.sh"]

And the init.sh:

#!/bin/sh

# Create Rabbitmq user
( rabbitmqctl wait --timeout 60 $RABBITMQ_PID_FILE ; \
rabbitmqctl add_user $RABBITMQ_USER $RABBITMQ_PASSWORD 2>/dev/null ; \
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags $RABBITMQ_USER administrator ; \
rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / $RABBITMQ_USER  ".*" ".*" ".*" ; \
echo "*** User '$RABBITMQ_USER' with password '$RABBITMQ_PASSWORD' completed. ***" ; \
echo "*** Log in the WebUI at port 15672 (example: http:/localhost:15672) ***") &

# $@ is used to pass arguments to the rabbitmq-server command.
# For example if you use it like this: docker run -d rabbitmq arg1 arg2,
# it will be as you run in the container rabbitmq-server arg1 arg2
rabbitmq-server $@

This script also initialize and expose the RabbitMQ webadmin at port 15672.

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