How to display JavaScript variables in a HTML page without document.write

Element.innerHTML is pretty much the way to go. Here are a few ways to use it:

HTML

<div class="results"></div>

JavaScript

// 'Modern' browsers (IE8+, use CSS-style selectors)
document.querySelector('.results').innerHTML = 'Hello World!';

// Using the jQuery library
$('.results').html('Hello World!');

If you just want to update a portion of a <div> I usually just add an empty element with a class like value or one I want to replace the contents of to the main <div>. e.g.

<div class="content">Hello <span class="value"></span></div>

Then I’d use some code like this:

// 'Modern' browsers (IE8+, use CSS-style selectors)
document.querySelector('.content .value').innerHTML = 'World!';

// Using the jQuery library
$(".content .value").html("World!");

Then the HTML/DOM would now contain:

<div class="content">Hello <span class="value">World!</span></div>

Full example. Click run snippet to try it out.

// Plain Javascript Example
var $jsName = document.querySelector('.name');
var $jsValue = document.querySelector('.jsValue');

$jsName.addEventListener('input', function(event){
  $jsValue.innerHTML = $jsName.value;
}, false);


// JQuery example
var $jqName = $('.name');
var $jqValue = $('.jqValue');

$jqName.on('input', function(event){
  $jqValue.html($jqName.val());
});
html {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
}

h1 {
  margin: 1em 0 0.25em 0;
}

input[type=text] {
  padding: 0.5em;
}

.jsValue, .jqValue {
  color: red;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.3.js"></script>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
  <title>Setting HTML content example</title>
</head>
<body>
  <!-- This <input> field is where I'm getting the name from -->
  <label>Enter your name: <input class="name" type="text" value="World"/></label>
  
  <!-- Plain Javascript Example -->
  <h1>Plain Javascript Example</h1>Hello <span class="jsValue">World</span>
  
  <!-- jQuery Example -->
  <h1>jQuery Example</h1>Hello <span class="jqValue">World</span>
</body>
</html>

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