Use the information_schema.table_constraints
table to get the names of the constraints defined on each table:
select *
from information_schema.table_constraints
where constraint_schema="YOUR_DB"
Use the information_schema.key_column_usage
table to get the fields in each one of those constraints:
select *
from information_schema.key_column_usage
where constraint_schema="YOUR_DB"
If instead you are talking about foreign key constraints, use information_schema.referential_constraints
:
select *
from information_schema.referential_constraints
where constraint_schema="YOUR_DB"