This is old extension to Visual Studio, the only reference I could find on the Microsoft site was this bug report: Temporary Objects Can be Bound to Non-Const References, which has the following example code:
struct A {};
A f1();
void f2(A&);
int main()
{
f2(f1()); // This line SHALL trigger an error, but it can be compiled without any errors or warnings.
}
One of the responses notes:
There is a level 4 warning (level 4 warning are enabled if you pass /W4 to the compiler) for it
This blog post: Visual C++ is so Liberal which covers this extension notes that:
Using Disable Language Extensions (/Za) makes it an error: