You must use the name of the association, also need to add the foreign key to the belongs_to
class Producto < ApplicationRecord
belongs_to :familia_producto, class_name: 'FamiliaProducto', foreign_key: 'familia'
end
class FamiliaProducto < ApplicationRecord
has_many :productos, class_name: 'Producto', foreign_key: 'familia'
end
p = Producto.first
# Returns a FamiliaProducto object
p.familia_producto
# Returns an integer
p.familia