^
and $
are Start of Line and End of Line anchors. While \A
and \z
are Permanent Start of String and End of String anchors.
See the difference:
string = "abcde\nzzzz"
# => "abcde\nzzzz"
/^abcde$/ === string
# => true
/\Aabcde\z/ === string
# => false
So Rails is telling you, “Are you sure you want to use ^
and $
? Don’t you want to use \A
and \z
instead?”
There is more on the rails security concern that generates this warning here.