The range of int in Java

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Here I would like to mention the concept of integer clock.

The maximum and minimum values for int in Java are:

int MAX_VALUE = 2147483647
int MIN_VALUE = -2147483648

Please check the following results

 int a = 2147483645;
 for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
    System.out.println("a:" + a++);
 }

Output:

a:2147483645
a:2147483646
a:2147483647
a:-2147483648
a:-2147483647
a:-2147483646
a:-2147483645
a:-2147483644
a:-2147483643
a:-2147483642

It shows that when you go beyond the limit of the +ve range of integer, the next values starts from its negative starting value again.

 -2147483648,       <-----------------
 -2147483647,                        |
 -2147483646,                        |
  .                                  |
  .                                  |
  .                                  |    (the next value will go back in -ve range)
  0,                                 |
 +1,                                 |
 +2,                                 |
 +3,                                 |
  .                                  |
  .                                  |
  .,                                 |
 +2147483645,                        |
 +2147483646,                        |
 +2147483647     ---------------------

If you calculate the factorial of 13 it is 6227020800.
This value goes beyond the int range of java.
So the new value will be

        6227020800
      - 2147483647 (+ve max value)
   -----------------
Value = 4079537153
      - 2147483648 (-ve max value)
   -----------------
value = 1932053505
   -             1  (for zero in between -ve to +ve value)
  ----------------
Answer = 1932053504

So, in your answer, the factorial of 13 is becoming 1932053504. This is how integer clock works.

You can use long datatype instead of integer to achieve your purpose.

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