RFC 7234 details what browsers and proxies should do by default:
Although caching is an entirely OPTIONAL feature of HTTP, it can be
assumed that reusing a cached response is desirable and that such
reuse is the default behavior when no requirement or local
configuration prevents it. Therefore, HTTP cache requirements are
focused on preventing a cache from either storing a non-reusable
response or reusing a stored response inappropriately, rather than
mandating that caches always store and reuse particular responses.