Which type of sorting is used in the std::sort()?

Most implementations of std::sort use quicksort, (or usually a hybrid algorithm like introsort, which combines quicksort, heapsort and insertion sort).

The only thing the standard requires is that std::sort somehow sort the data according to the specified ordering with a complexity of approximately O(N log(N)); it is not guaranteed to be stable. Technically, introsort better meets the complexity requirement than quicksort, because quicksort has quadratic worst-case time.

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