Complete C++ i18n gettext() “hello world” example

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Your problem is that hellogt.mo is in the wrong location – your program isn’t actually opening it. You can tell this by using strace to trace open syscalls:

strace -e trace=open ./hellogt
...
open("/tmp/.//es_MX/LC_MESSAGES/hellogt.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/tmp/.//es/LC_MESSAGES/hellogt.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

You can affect where gettext looks for message catalogs with the LOCPATH environment variable, but if you move it to where gettext is attempting to load it from your example works:

mkdir -p es/LC_MESSAGES
cp hellogt.mo es/LC_MESSAGES
./hellogt 
hola mundo

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