How can a function access its own attributes?

by

Solution

Make one of the function’s default arguments be a reference to the function itself.

def f(self):
    return self.x
f.func_defaults = (f,)

Example usage:

>>> f.x = 17
>>> b = f
>>> del f
>>> b()
17

Explanation

The original poster wanted a solution that does not require a global name lookup. The simple solution

def f():
    return f.x

performs a lookup of the global variable f on each call, which does not meet the requirements. If f is deleted, then the function fails. The more complicated inspect proposal fails in the same way.

What we want is to perform early binding and store the bound reference within the object itself. The following is conceptually what we are doing:

def f(self=f):
    return self.x

In the above, self is a local variable, so no global lookup is performed. However, we can’t write the code as-is, because f is not yet defined when we try to bind the default value of self to it. Instead, we set the default value after f is defined.

Decorator

Here’s a simple decorator to do this for you. Note that the self argument must come last, unlike methods, where self comes first. This also means that you must give a default value if any of your other arguments take a default value.

def self_reference(f):
    f.func_defaults = f.func_defaults[:-1] + (f,)
    return f

@self_reference
def foo(verb, adverb='swiftly', self=None):
    return '%s %s %s' % (self.subject, verb, adverb)

Example:

>>> foo.subject="Fred"
>>> bar = foo
>>> del foo
>>> bar('runs')
'Fred runs swiftly'

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