There’s no prescribed format, as you can usually redefine your data through various accessor functions (such as hierarchy.children) and array.map. But the format you quoted is probably the most convenient representation for trees because it works with the default accessors.
The first question is whether you intend to display a graph or a tree. For graphs, the data structure is defined in terms of nodes and links. For trees, the input to the layout is the root node, which may have an array of child nodes, and whose leaf nodes have an associated value.
If you want to display a graph, and all you have is a list of edges, then you’ll want to iterate over the edges in order to produce an array of nodes and an array of links. Say you had a file called “graph.csv”:
source,target
A1,A2
A2,A3
A2,A4
You could load this file using d3.csv and then produce an array of nodes and links:
d3.csv("graph.csv", function(links) {
var nodesByName = {};
// Create nodes for each unique source and target.
links.forEach(function(link) {
link.source = nodeByName(link.source);
link.target = nodeByName(link.target);
});
// Extract the array of nodes from the map by name.
var nodes = d3.values(nodeByName);
function nodeByName(name) {
return nodesByName[name] || (nodesByName[name] = {name: name});
}
});
You can then pass these nodes and links to the force layout to visualize the graph:
If you want to produce a tree instead, then you’ll need to do a slightly different form of data transformation to accumulate the child nodes for each parent.
d3.csv("graph.csv", function(links) {
var nodesByName = {};
// Create nodes for each unique source and target.
links.forEach(function(link) {
var parent = link.source = nodeByName(link.source),
child = link.target = nodeByName(link.target);
if (parent.children) parent.children.push(child);
else parent.children = [child];
});
// Extract the root node.
var root = links[0].source;
function nodeByName(name) {
return nodesByName[name] || (nodesByName[name] = {name: name});
}
});
Like so: