Is there any trait that specifies numeric functionality?

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You can use num or num-traits crates and bound your generic function type with num::Float, num::Integer or whatever relevant trait:

use num::Float; // 0.2.1

fn main() {
    let f1: f32 = 2.0;
    let f2: f64 = 3.0;
    let i1: i32 = 3;

    println!("{:?}", sqrt(f1));
    println!("{:?}", sqrt(f2));
    println!("{:?}", sqrt(i1)); // error
}

fn sqrt<T: Float>(input: T) -> T {
    input.sqrt()
}

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